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How Plastic Is Made

All of us use plastics at some point during the day, from the toothbrushes we use in the morning to water bottles we drink out of to the containers we pack our children’s lunches and the bags that hold our groceries.

There’s no question that plastics are everywhere. But where does it come from? Well, like the gas that fuels our cars it comes from crude oil. Once its refined, crude oil produces gasoline, diesel and other petroleum products such as plastics.

Here’s how it breaks down.
From one barrel of crude oil:
44% makes gasoline
21% makes diesel
8% makes jet fuel
4% makes heating oil
4% makes heavy fuel oil
4% makes liquefied petroleum gases
and 16% makes other products, such as plastics.

The oil is processed into petroleum products at refineries. Plastics are produced using a process called “cracking.”

“Cracking” converts the components of crude oil into hydrocarbon monomers. Different combinations of monomers produce the many different types of plastics.

So that’s how plastic is made. Once it gets into our hands, only 5% of the plastics produced in the United States are recycled.

Tomorrow, we’ll take a look at how plastic is recycled, potential reasons for why it’s not happening more often and how you can do your part to keep plastics out of our landfills.

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